This course provides the fundamental knowledge on the structure and characteristics of cell, including biomembrane structure, and transport of exogeneous substances passing the membrane and their biological functions; structures and functions of organelles inside cell and their metabolism process; energy production of cell; cell communication and the role of messenger molecules and the type of signaling; structure and charactheristics of gene, DNA and chromosome; genetic expression and their regulation; cell cycle and cell divisions, incl. meiosis and mytosis; type of mutation; protein biosynthesis, apoptosis and development of tumour.